Mayawati (born 15 January 1956) is an Indian politician. She has served four separate terms as Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh. She is the national president of the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP), which focuses on a platform of social change for Bahujans, more commonly known as Other Backward Classes, Muslim, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. She was Chief Minister briefly in 2000 and again in 2005, then from 2002 to 2003 and from 2007 to 2012. Mayawati's rise from humble beginnings has been called a "miracle of democracy" by P. V. Narasimha Rao, former Prime Minister of India. In 1993 Kanshi Ram formed a coalition with the Samajwadi Party and Mayawati became the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh in 1995. She was the first female Scheduled Caste Chief Minister in India. In 1997 and in 2002 she was Chief Minister with outside support from the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), the second time only for a year up to 26 August 2003 due to BJP withdrawing support. Mayawati's tenure has attracted praise and criticism. Millions of Dalits view her as an icon, and refer to her as Behen-ji (sister), She has been praised for her fundraising efforts on behalf of her party and her birthdays have been widely celebrated by her supporters. The rise in her personal wealth and that of her party have been criticised as indicative of corruption. After losing the 2012 legislative assembly elections to the rival Samajwadi Party, she resigned from her post as party leader on 7 March 2012. Later that month, she was elected to the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of Indian parliament. Permanent Address: 9, Mall Avenue, Residence cum BSP Central Camp Office, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India. Present Address: 14, Gurudwara Rakabganj Road, New Delhi. 110001 Books: (i) Bahujan Samaj Aur Uski Rajniti (in Hindi and English), 2001, (ii) Mere Sangharshmai Jeevan Evam BSP Movement ka Safarnama (in Hindi), Part I -VII, 2006 - 2012 and (iii) A Travelogue of My Struggle-Ridden Life and BSP Movement (in English), Vol. I-VII, 2008-2012